DEPT · CULTURE
Culture & history
Emirati traditions, Islam in practice, a city that went from pearl diving to skyscrapers in 60 years — and how to be a respectful, curious guest.
§ 01 — Etiquette
Dubai is one of the most visited cities on earth and is genuinely used to tourists. But a few things matter — and breaking them can have serious consequences.
§ 02 — Islam in Dubai
Islam shapes the rhythm of the city — from the call to prayer five times daily to the layout of the week. Here's what to expect.
Five times daily, the adhan (call to prayer) sounds from mosque speakers across the city — at dawn, midday, afternoon, sunset and night. It lasts 2–3 minutes. Some visitors find it striking and beautiful; others are woken by the dawn call. Either way, it's part of Dubai's sonic landscape and something most visitors mention long after leaving.
Friday midday (around 12:30–1:30pm) is the most significant prayer of the week. Many businesses — particularly in older areas and souks — close for 1–2 hours. Government services and traditional businesses in Deira and Bur Dubai are most affected. Malls and hotel facilities stay open.
The Jumeirah Mosque is the most accessible for non-Muslim visitors — guided tours run daily except Friday at 10am. Sheikh Mohammed Centre for Cultural Understanding organises these. Dress modestly (abayas and headscarves provided). Shoes off at the entrance. Questions encouraged.
Most other mosques in Dubai are not open to non-Muslims. Don't try to enter without an invitation or guided visit.
§ 03 — Ramadan
Ramadan moves annually (lunar calendar). Dates change each year — check before you travel. Here's what actually changes.
Muslims fast from dawn to sunset — no food, no water, no smoking. Non-Muslims are not required to fast but are expected to respect the fast in public. Eating, drinking (including water) and smoking in public spaces during daylight hours is prohibited by law for everyone.
§ 04 — History
From a small pearl-diving settlement to one of the world's most visited cities — the fastest urban transformation in history.
§ 05 — Emirati life
Emiratis are the UAE's indigenous citizens — and they make up less than 12% of Dubai's population.
Dubai's population of ~3.7 million is roughly 88% expatriate — South Asian workers make up the largest group, followed by Arab expats, Western professionals and East Asians. Emiratis are a minority in their own city, a fact that shapes both policy and daily life in complex ways.
Emirati citizens receive substantial government benefits: free education through university, subsidised housing, guaranteed government employment, and healthcare. Culturally, Emirati families maintain strong tribal and clan ties that predate the oil era by centuries.
The kandura (white ankle-length robe) worn by Emirati men, and the abaya (black full-length robe) commonly worn by Emirati women, are not merely traditional dress — they're a point of pride and cultural identity in a city of constant change. The white kandura in particular signals Emirati identity in a sea of expats.
Arabic hospitality — diyafa — is not a platitude. It's a deep cultural obligation. If an Emirati invites you to their home or a formal gathering, you will be looked after extraordinarily well. Refusing food or drink repeatedly is impolite. Accept the first offering.
The majlis (sitting room) is the heart of Emirati social life — a space where men gather to discuss community matters, politics, business and poetry. Traditionally held in private homes; some cultural centres and heritage sites now host public majlis sessions for visitors. Al Fahidi neighbourhood has the best accessible examples.
Falconry and camel racing remain genuinely important in Emirati culture — not just tourist attractions. Al Marmoom Camel Racecourse holds races on Friday and Saturday mornings in season (October–March). Entry is free. The sight of robot jockeys controlling the camels via radio signal is one of the more surreal experiences the city offers.
§ 06 — Art & culture scene
Beyond the malls and towers, a serious arts scene has taken root. Here's where to find it.